Siyabonga ngokuvakashela i-Nature.com.Usebenzisa inguqulo yesiphequluli enosekelo olulinganiselwe lwe-CSS.Ukuze uthole ulwazi olungcono kakhulu, sincoma ukuthi usebenzise isiphequluli esibuyekeziwe (noma ukhubaze i-Compatibility Mode ku-Internet Explorer).Okwamanje, ukuze siqinisekise ukwesekwa okuqhubekayo, sibonisa isayithi ngaphandle kwezitayela ne-JavaScript.
Ngenxa yezindleko zokusebenza nokuphila isikhathi eside kwenjini, isu elifanele lokulawula ukushisa kwenjini libaluleke kakhulu.Le ndatshana isungule isu lokuphatha okushisayo lamamotho afakwayo ukuze anikeze ukuqina okungcono futhi athuthukise ukusebenza kahle.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubuyekezwa okubanzi kwezincwadi eziphathelene nezindlela zokupholisa injini kwenziwa.Njengomphumela oyinhloko, ukubala okushisayo kwe-air-cooled asynchronous motor enamandla amakhulu kunikezwa, kucatshangelwa inkinga eyaziwayo yokusabalalisa ukushisa.Ngaphezu kwalokho, lolu cwaningo luhlongoza indlela edidiyelwe enamasu amabili noma ngaphezulu okupholisa ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zamanje.Ucwaningo lwezinombolo lwemodeli yemoto e-asynchronous epholile engu-100 kW kanye nemodeli yokuphatha okushisayo ethuthukisiwe yenjini efanayo, lapho ukwanda okuphawulekayo kokusebenza kahle kwezimoto kufinyelelwa ngenhlanganisela yokupholisa komoya kanye nesistimu yokupholisa amanzi edidiyelwe. kwenziwe.Isistimu edidiyelwe yokupholisa umoya kanye neyokupholiswa kwamanzi yafundwa kusetshenziswa izinguqulo ze-SolidWorks 2017 kanye ne-ANSYS Fluent 2021.Ukugeleza kwamanzi okuhlukene okuthathu (i-5 L/min, i-10 L/min, ne-15 L/min) kwahlaziywa ngokumelene nama-motor induction induction evamile apholile futhi aqinisekiswa kusetshenziswa izinsiza ezitholakalayo ezishicilelwe.Ukuhlaziywa kubonisa ukuthi kumazinga ahlukene okugeleza (5 L/min, 10 L/min kanye ne-15 L/min ngokulandelana) sithole ukuncishiswa okuhambisanayo kwezinga lokushisa kwe-2.94%, 4.79% no-7.69%.Ngakho-ke, imiphumela ikhombisa ukuthi i-induction motor eshumekiwe inganciphisa ngempumelelo izinga lokushisa uma iqhathaniswa ne-air-cooled induction motor.
Imoto kagesi ingenye yezinto eziqanjiwe zesayensi yobunjiniyela besimanje.Amamotho kagesi asetshenziswa kukho konke kusukela ezintweni zasendlini kuya ezimotweni, okuhlanganisa izimboni zezimoto nezasemoyeni.Eminyakeni yamuva, ukuthandwa kwama-motor induction motors (AM) kuye kwanda ngenxa ye-torque yokuqala yokuqala, ukulawulwa kwesivinini esihle kanye nomthamo wokulayisha ngokweqile (Fig. 1).Izinjini zokungeniswa azigcini ngokukhazimulisa amalambu akho, kodwa zinika amandla amagajethi amaningi ekhaya lakho, kusukela kusixubho sakho kuya ku-Tesla yakho.Amandla omshini ku-IM adalwe ukuthintana kwenkundla kazibuthe ye-stator kanye nama-rotor windings.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-IM iyindlela esebenzayo ngenxa yokuhlinzekwa okulinganiselwe kwezinsimbi zomhlaba ezingavamile.Nokho, okubi okuyinhloko kwama-AD ukuthi ukuphila kwawo nokusebenza kahle kwawo kuzwela kakhulu emazingeni okushisa.Ama-induction motors adla cishe u-40% kagesi emhlabeni, okufanele kusenze sicabange ukuthi ukuphatha ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwale mishini kubalulekile.
I-equation ye-Arrhenius ithi njalo lapho izinga lokushisa lokusebenza likhuphuka ngo-10°C, ukuphila kwayo yonke injini kuba ngohhafu.Ngakho-ke, ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka nokwandisa umkhiqizo womshini, kuyadingeka ukunaka ukulawulwa okushisayo komfutho wegazi.Esikhathini esidlule, ukuhlaziya okushisayo bekunganakwa futhi abaklami bezimoto baye bacabangela inkinga kuphela endaweni ezungezile, ngokusekelwe ekuhlangenwe nakho komklamo noma ezinye izinto eziguquguqukayo ezinobukhulu obufana nokuminyana kwamanje okumazombezombe, njll. Lezi zindlela ziholela ekusebenziseni amamajini amakhulu okuphepha kokubi kakhulu- izimo zokushisa zecala, okuholela ekwandeni kosayizi womshini ngakho-ke ukwanda kwezindleko.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokuhlaziya okushisayo: ukuhlaziywa kwesifunda esine-lumped nezindlela zezinombolo.Inzuzo eyinhloko yezindlela zokuhlaziya yikhono lokwenza izibalo ngokushesha nangokunembile.Kodwa-ke, kufanele kwenziwe umzamo omkhulu wokuchaza amasekhethi ngokunemba okwanele ukulingisa izindlela ezishisayo.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izindlela zezinombolo zicishe zihlukaniswe zibe yi-computational fluid dynamics (CFD) kanye ne-structural thermal analysis (STA), zombili ezisebenzisa i-finite element analysis (FEA).Inzuzo yokuhlaziywa kwezinombolo ukuthi ikuvumela ukuba wenze imodeli yejometri yedivayisi.Nokho, ukusethwa kwesistimu nokubala ngezinye izikhathi kungase kube nzima.Izindatshana zesayensi okuxoxwe ngazo ngezansi ziyizibonelo ezikhethiwe zokuhlaziya okushisayo kanye ne-electromagnetic yamamotho ahlukahlukene esimanjemanje.Lezi zihloko zenze ababhali ukuthi bafunde izenzakalo ezishisayo kuma-asynchronous motors nezindlela zokupholisa kwazo.
U-Pil-Wan Han1 ubezibandakanye ekuhlaziyeni okushisayo nokwe-electromagnetic kwe-MI.Indlela yokuhlaziya isekethe ehlanganisiwe isetshenziselwa ukuhlaziya okushisayo, futhi indlela yesici esilinganiselwe sikazibuthe esishintshashintsha isikhathi isetshenziselwa ukuhlaziywa kwe-electromagnetic.Ukuze kuhlinzekwe ngokufanelekile ukuvikeleka kokugcwala okushisayo kunoma yiluphi uhlelo lwemboni, izinga lokushisa lokujika kwe-stator kufanele lilinganiswe ngendlela enokwethenjelwa.U-Ahmed et al.2 uhlongoze imodeli yenethiwekhi yokushisa ye-oda eliphezulu esekelwe ekucatshangelweni okujulile kwe-thermal kanye ne-thermodynamic.Ukuthuthukiswa kwezindlela zokumodela ezishisayo ngezinjongo zokuvikela ukushisa okushisayo kusizakala ezixazululweni zokuhlaziya nokucatshangelwa kwemingcele yokushisa.
U-Nair et al.3 usebenzise ukuhlaziya okuhlanganisiwe kwe-39 kW IM kanye nokuhlaziywa kwezinombolo ezishisayo ze-3D ukubikezela ukusatshalaliswa kokushisa emshinini kagesi.U-Ying et al.4 bahlaziye ama-IMs afakwe nge-fan-cooled (TEFC) anesilinganiso sezinga lokushisa esingu-3D.Inyanga et al.5 yafunda izici zokugeleza kokushisa kwe-IM TEFC isebenzisa i-CFD.Imodeli yokuguqulwa kwemoto ye-LPTN yanikezwa ngu-Todd et al.6.Idatha yokuhlolwa kwezinga lokushisa isetshenziswa kanye namazinga okushisa abaliwe asuselwa kumodeli ehlongozwayo ye-LPTN.U-Peter et al.7 wasebenzisa i-CFD ukutadisha ukugeleza komoya okuthinta ukuziphatha okushisayo kwamamotho kagesi.
U-Cabral et al8 uhlongoze imodeli elula ye-IM eshisayo lapho izinga lokushisa lomshini latholwa khona ngokusebenzisa i-cylinder heat diffusion equation.U-Nategh et al.9 bafunde uhlelo lwezithuthuthu ezidonsa umoya oluzishayelayo lisebenzisa i-CFD ukuze luhlole ukunemba kwezingxenye ezithuthukisiwe.Ngakho-ke, izifundo zezinombolo nezokuhlola zingasetshenziswa ukulingisa ukuhlaziywa okushisayo kwama-motor induction, bheka umkhiwane.2.
U-Yinye et al.10 uhlongoze idizayini yokuthuthukisa ukuphathwa kokushisayo ngokusebenzisa izici ezivamile zokushisa zezinto ezijwayelekile kanye nemithombo evamile yokulahlekelwa ingxenye yomshini.U-Marco et al.11 bethule imibandela yokuklama amasistimu okupholisa namabhantshi amanzi ezingxenyeni zomshini kusetshenziswa amamodeli e-CFD ne-LPTN.U-Yaohui et al.12 unikeza imihlahlandlela ehlukahlukene yokukhetha indlela yokupholisa efanele kanye nokuhlola ukusebenza kusenesikhathi ngenqubo yokuklama.U-Nell et al.13 uhlongoze ukusebenzisa amamodeli wokulingisa okuhlanganisiwe kwe-electromagnetic-thermal ebangeni elinikeziwe lamanani, ileveli yemininingwane namandla okuhlanganisa enkingeni ye-multiphysics.U-Jean et al.14 kanye no-Kim et al.15 bafunde ukusatshalaliswa kwezinga lokushisa kwe-motor induction epholile ngomoya esebenzisa inkambu ye-FEM ehlanganisiwe ye-3D.Bala idatha yokufaka usebenzisa ukuhlaziywa kwenkambu ye-3D eddy yamanje ukuze uthole ukulahlekelwa kwe-Joule futhi ukusebenzisele ukuhlaziya okushisayo.
U-Michel et al.16 baqhathanise abalandeli abavamile bokupholisa be-centrifugal nabalandeli be-axial bemiklamo ehlukahlukene ngokulingisa nokuhlola.Enye yale miklamo izuze ukuthuthuka okuncane kodwa okuphawulekayo ekusebenzeni kahle kwenjini ngenkathi igcina izinga lokushisa elifanayo lokusebenza.
U-Lu et al.17 usebenzise indlela yesekethe efanayo kazibuthe ngokuhlangana nemodeli ye-Boglietti ukuze alinganisele ukulahleka kwensimbi kushafu yenjini yokungeniswa.Ababhali bacabanga ukuthi ukusatshalaliswa kwe-magnetic flux density kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yesiphambano ngaphakathi kwe-spindle motor kuwumfaniswano.Baqhathanise indlela yabo nemiphumela yokuhlaziywa kwezinto ezinomkhawulo namamodeli wokuhlola.Le ndlela ingasetshenziselwa ukuhlaziywa okucacile kwe-MI, kodwa ukunemba kwayo kunomkhawulo.
18 yethula izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuhlaziya inkambu kagesi yamamotho afakwayo alayini.Phakathi kwazo, kuchazwa izindlela zokulinganisa ukulahleka kwamandla kumareyili asebenzayo kanye nezindlela zokubikezela ukunyuka kwezinga lokushisa lama-traction linear induction motors ziyachazwa.Lezi zindlela zingasetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwamandla kwama-motor induction linear.
Zabdur et al.19 yaphenya ukusebenza kwamajakhethi okupholisa kusetshenziswa indlela yezinombolo enezinhlangothi ezintathu.Ibhantshi lokupholisa lisebenzisa amanzi njengomthombo oyinhloko wokupholisa i-IM yezigaba ezintathu, okubalulekile kumandla kanye namazinga okushisa aphezulu adingekayo ekupompeni.Rippel et al.20 banelungelo lobunikazi bendlela entsha yezinhlelo zokupholisa uketshezi ezibizwa ngokuthi ukupholisa okuphambanayo kwe-laminated, lapho isiqandisi sigeleza sinqamule ezindaweni eziwumngcingo ezakhiwe yizimbobo enye nenye i-lamination kazibuthe.Deriszade et al.21 yaphenya ngokupholisa ama-traction motors embonini yezimoto isebenzisa ingxube ye-ethylene glycol namanzi.Linganisa ukusebenza kwezingxube ezihlukahlukene nge-CFD kanye nokuhlaziywa koketshezi olunyakazayo lwe-3D.Ucwaningo lokulingisa olwenziwa ngu-Boopathi et al.22 lubonise ukuthi izinga lokushisa lezinjini ezipholiswe ngamanzi (17-124 ° C) lincane kakhulu kunezinjini ezipholile emoyeni (104-250 ° C).Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu le-aluminium epholile emanzini liyancipha ngo-50.4%, futhi izinga lokushisa eliphakeme le-PA6GF30 motor epholile ngamanzi liyancipha ngo-48.4%.U-Bezukov et al.23 bahlole umphumela wokwakheka kwesikali ekuphatheni okushisayo kodonga lwenjini ngesistimu yokupholisa uketshezi.Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ifilimu ye-oxide engu-1.5 mm yehlisa ukushisa ngo-30%, inyusa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli futhi inciphisa amandla enjini.
UTanguy et al.24 wenze izivivinyo ngamazinga okugeleza ahlukahlukene, amazinga okushisa kawoyela, isivinini sokujikeleza kanye nezindlela zokujova zamamotho kagesi asebenzisa uwoyela wokugcoba njengesibambiso.Sekusungulwe ubudlelwano obuqinile phakathi kwezinga lokugeleza kanye nokusebenza kahle kokupholisa okuphelele.U-Ha et al.25 uphakamise ukusebenzisa imibhobho yokuconsa njengamabhobho ukuze kusatshalaliswe ngokulinganayo ifilimu kawoyela futhi kukhuliswe ukusebenza kahle kokupholisa injini.
U-Nandi et al.26 bahlaziye umthelela wamapayipi okushisa ayisicaba amise okuka-L ekusebenzeni kwenjini nokuphathwa kwezinga lokushisa.Ingxenye ye-evaporator yamapayipi okushisa ifakwe ku-motor casing noma ingcwatshwe ku-motor shaft, futhi ingxenye ye-condenser ifakwe futhi ipholiswe ngoketshezi olujikelezayo noma umoya.Bellettre et al.27 wafunda uhlelo lokupholisa oluqinile lwe-PCM lwe-motor stator yesikhashana.I-PCM ifaka amakhanda asongayo, yehlise izinga lokushisa lendawo eshisayo ngokugcina amandla ashisayo acashile.
Ngakho-ke, ukusebenza kwemoto kanye nezinga lokushisa kuyahlolwa kusetshenziswa amasu ahlukene okupholisa, bheka umkhiwane.3. Lawa masekhethi okupholisa aklanyelwe ukulawula izinga lokushisa lama-winding, amapuleti, amakhanda asongayo, odonsa, isidumbu kanye namapuleti okugcina.
Amasistimu okupholisa uketshezi aziwa ngokudlulisela kahle ukushisa kwawo.Kodwa-ke, ukupompa into epholile ezungeze injini kudla amandla amaningi, okunciphisa amandla enjini asebenzayo.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amasistimu okupholisa umoya ayindlela esetshenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yezindleko eziphansi kanye nokulula kokuthuthuka.Nokho, isasebenza kahle kakhulu kunezinhlelo zokupholisa uketshezi.Kudingeka indlela ehlanganisiwe engahlanganisa ukusebenza kokudlulisa ukushisa okuphezulu kwesistimu epholile uketshezi nezindleko eziphansi zesistimu epholile emoyeni ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amandla engeziwe.
Lesi sihloko sibala futhi sihlaziya ukulahlekelwa ukushisa ngo-AD.Indlela yale nkinga, kanye nokushisisa nokupholisa kwezinjini zokungeniswa, kuchazwe esigabeni Sokulahleka Kokushisa ku-Induction Motors ngokusebenzisa Amasu Okupholisa.Ukulahlekelwa ukushisa komnyombo we-induction motor kuguqulwa kube ukushisa.Ngakho-ke, lesi sihloko sidingida indlela yokudlulisa ukushisa ngaphakathi kwenjini ngokuqhutshwa nokuphoqelelwa kwe-convection.Ukumodela okushisayo kwe-IM kusetshenziswa ama-continuity equations, i-Navier-Stokes/izibalo zomfutho kanye nezibalo zamandla kuyabikwa.Abacwaningi benze izifundo zokuhlaziya kanye nezinombolo ezishisayo ze-IM ukuze balinganise izinga lokushisa le-stator windings ngenjongo yodwa yokulawula umbuso oshisayo wemoto kagesi.Lesi sihloko sigxile ekuhlaziyweni okushisayo kwama-IMs apholile emoyeni kanye nokuhlaziywa kokushisa kwama-IM adidiyelwe apholise umoya namanzi kusetshenziswa ukumodela kwe-CAD kanye nokulingisa okushelelayo kwe-ANSYS.Futhi izinzuzo ezishisayo zemodeli ethuthukisiwe edidiyelwe yezinhlelo ezipholile emoyeni namanzi ezipholile zihlaziywa ngokujulile.Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, imibhalo ebhalwe lapha ayisona isifinyezo sesimo sobuciko emkhakheni wezinto ezishisayo kanye nokupholisa ama-motor induction, kodwa abonisa izinkinga eziningi ezidinga ukuxazululwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuthembekile kwama-motor induction. .
Ukulahlekelwa ukushisa kuvame ukuhlukaniswa ngokulahlekelwa ithusi, ukulahlekelwa kwensimbi kanye nokungqubuzana/ukulahlekelwa kwemishini.
Ukulahlekelwa kwethusi kuwumphumela wokushisa kwe-Joule ngenxa yokumelana nomqhubi futhi kungabalwa njengo-10.28:
lapho i-q̇g iwukushisa okukhiqizwa khona, mina kanye ne-Ve singamanje ne-voltage ezibizayo, ngokulandelana, futhi i-Re iwukumelana nethusi.
Ukulahleka kwe-ayoni, okwaziwa nangokuthi ukulahlekelwa yi-parasitic, kuwuhlobo lwesibili oluyinhloko lokulahlekelwa olubangela ukulahlekelwa kwe-hysteresis kanye nokulahlekelwa kwamanje kwe-eddy ku-AM, okubangelwa kakhulu inkambu kazibuthe eshintshashintshayo isikhathi.Zilinganiswa ngesibalo esinwetshiwe se-Steinmetz, ama-coefficients awo angabhekwa njengengashintshi noma ashintshe kuye ngezimo zokusebenza10,28,29.
lapho i-Khn iyisici sokulahlekelwa kwe-hysteresis etholakala kumdwebo wokulahlekelwa okuyinhloko, i-Ken iyisici sokulahlekelwa samanje se-eddy, i-N iyinkomba ye-harmonic, i-Bn kanye ne-f iyinani eliphakeme le-flux kanye nemvamisa ye-non-sinusoidal excitation, ngokulandelanayo.Isibalo esingenhla singenziwa lula futhi ngale ndlela elandelayo10,29:
Phakathi kwazo, i-K1 ne-K2 yi-core loss factor kanye ne-eddy current loss (qec), ukulahlekelwa kwe-hysteresis (qh), nokulahlekelwa ngokweqile (qex), ngokulandelana.
Umthwalo womoya nokulahlekelwa kokungqubuzana yizimbangela ezimbili eziyinhloko zokulahlekelwa kwemishini ku-IM.Ukulahlekelwa komoya nokungqubuzana kuyi-10,
Kufomula, n ijubane elijikelezayo, i-Kfb iyi-coefficient yokulahlekelwa ukungqubuzana, D ububanzi obungaphandle be-rotor, l ubude be-rotor, u-G isisindo se-rotor 10.
Indlela eyinhloko yokudlulisa ukushisa ngaphakathi kwenjini iwukuqhutshwa nokushisisa kwangaphakathi, njengoba kunqunywa i-Poisson equation30 esetshenziswa kulesi sibonelo:
Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, ngemva kwephuzu elithile ngesikhathi lapho injini ifinyelela esimweni esiqinile, ukushisa okukhiqizwa kungalinganiselwa ngokushisa okungapheli kokushisa okungaphezulu.Ngakho-ke, kungacatshangwa ukuthi ukuqhutshwa ngaphakathi kwenjini kwenziwa ngokukhululwa kokushisa kwangaphakathi.
Ukudluliswa kokushisa phakathi kwamaphiko kanye nomkhathi ozungezile kubhekwa njengokuguqulwa okuphoqelekile, lapho uketshezi luphoqeleka ukuba luhambe luye endaweni ethile ngamandla angaphandle.I-Convection ingavezwa njenge-30:
lapho h kuyi-coefficient yokudlulisa ukushisa (W/m2 K), A indawo engaphezulu, futhi i-ΔT umehluko wezinga lokushisa phakathi kwendawo yokudlulisa ukushisa kanye ne-refrigerant perpendicular to surface.Inombolo ye-Nusselt (i-Nu) isilinganiso sesilinganiso sokudluliswa kokushisa kwe-convective kanye ne-convective perpendicular to the mngcele futhi ikhethwa ngokusekelwe kuzici zokugeleza kwe-laminar nokuyaluyalu.Ngokwendlela ye-empirical, inombolo ye-Nusselt yokugeleza kwesiyaluyalu ngokuvamile ihlotshaniswa nenombolo ka-Reynolds kanye nenombolo ye-Prandtl, evezwe ngokuthi 30:
lapho u-h kuyi-coefficient yokudlulisa ukushisa okuguquguqukayo (W/m2 K), l ubude besici, u-λ uwukuqhutshwa koketshezi olushisayo (W/m K), kanti inombolo ye-Prandtl (Pr) iyisilinganiso sesilinganiso i-coefficient yokusabalalisa umfutho ku-thermal diffusivity (noma isivinini nokuqina okuhlobene kongqimba lomngcele oshisayo), okuchazwa ngokuthi 30:
lapho i-k ne-cp kuyi-thermal conductivity kanye namandla okushisa athile oketshezi, ngokulandelanayo.Ngokuvamile, umoya namanzi yizona zokupholisa ezivame kakhulu zamamotho kagesi.Izakhiwo eziwuketshezi zomoya namanzi ezingeni lokushisa elizungezile ziboniswa kuThebula 1.
Ukumodela okushisayo kwe-IM kusekelwe kulokhu kucatshangelwa okulandelayo: isimo esizinzile se-3D, ukugeleza kwesiyaluyalu, umoya uyigesi ekahle, imisebe enganakeki, uketshezi lwe-Newtonian, uketshezi olungenakucindezelwa, isimo esingasheleli, kanye nezakhiwo ezingaguquki.Ngakho-ke, lezi zibalo ezilandelayo zisetshenziselwa ukugcwalisa imithetho yokongiwa kwesisindo, umfutho, namandla endaweni yoketshezi.
Esimweni esivamile, i-mass conservation equation ilingana nokugeleza kwenqwaba yengqikithi kuseli enoketshezi, okunqunywa ifomula:
Ngokomthetho wesibili kaNewton, izinga lokushintsha komfutho wezinhlayiya eziwuketshezi lilingana nesamba samandla asebenza kuwo, futhi isibalo esivamile sokulondoloza umfutho singabhalwa ngendlela yevekhtha njenge:
Amagama athi ∇p, ∇∙τij, kanye no-ρg kusibalo esingenhla amele ingcindezi, i-viscosity, namandla adonsela phansi, ngokulandelana.Imidiya yokupholisa (umoya, amanzi, uwoyela, njll.) esetshenziswa njengezipholile emishinini ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengeNewtonian.Izibalo eziboniswe lapha zifaka kuphela ubudlelwano bomugqa phakathi kokucindezelwa kwe-shear kanye ne-velocity gradient (isilinganiso sobunzima) ngokuqondana nendawo yokugunda.Uma kucatshangelwa i-viscosity engaguquki nokugeleza okuzinzile, i-equation (12) ingashintshwa ibe ngu-31:
Ngokomthetho wokuqala we-thermodynamics, izinga lokushintsha kwamandla ezinhlayiya eziwuketshezi lilingana nesamba sokushisa kwenetha okukhiqizwa uketshezi oluwuketshezi kanye namandla anetha akhiqizwa yizinhlayiyana eziwuketshezi.Ngokugeleza kwe-viscous ecindezelayo ye-Newtonian, i-equation yokonga amandla ingavezwa ngokuthi31:
lapho i-Cp iwumthamo wokushisa ekucindezelweni okungaguquki, futhi igama elithi ∇ ∙ (k∇T) lihlobene ne-thermal conductivity ngokusebenzisa umngcele weseli eliwuketshezi, lapho u-k ebonisa ukuqhutshwa kwe-thermal.Ukuguqulwa kwamandla emishini ekushiseni kucatshangelwa ngokwemibandela ye- \(\varnothing\) (okungukuthi, umsebenzi wokukhipha i-viscous) futhi kuchazwa ngokuthi:
Lapho \(\rho\) kuwukuminyana koketshezi, \(\mu\) i-viscosity yoketshezi, u, u, v kanye no-w amandla endlela ethi x, y, z yesivinini soketshezi, ngokulandelana.Leli gama lichaza ukuguqulwa kwamandla omshini abe amandla ashisayo futhi angenakunakwa ngoba kubalulekile kuphela lapho i-viscosity yoketshezi iphezulu kakhulu futhi i-velocity gradient yoketshezi inkulu kakhulu.Endabeni yokugeleza okuzinzile, ukushisa okuqondile okungaguquki kanye ne-thermal conductivity, i-equation yamandla ilungiswa kanje:
Lezi zibalo eziyisisekelo zixazululwa ngokugeleza kwe-laminar ohlelweni lokuxhumanisa lwe-Cartesian.Kodwa-ke, njengezinye izinkinga eziningi zobuchwepheshe, ukusebenza kwemishini kagesi ngokuyinhloko kuhlotshaniswa nokugeleza kwesiyaluyalu.Ngakho-ke, lezi zibalo zishintshwa ukuze zakhe indlela yesilinganiso ye-Reynolds Navier-Stokes (RANS) yokumodela isiphithiphithi.
Kulo msebenzi, kukhethwe uhlelo lwe-ANSYS FLUENT 2021 lwe-CFD lokumodela ngezimo ezihambisanayo zomngcele, njengemodeli ecatshangelwayo: injini e-asynchronous enokupholisa komoya enamandla angu-100 kW, ububanzi be-rotor 80.80 mm, ububanzi we stator 83.56 mm (yangaphakathi) kanye 190 mm (yangaphandle), igebe emoyeni 1.38 mm, ubude obuphelele 234 mm, inani , ukushuba izimbambo 3 mm..
Imodeli yenjini epholile emoyeni yeSolidWorks ibe isingeniswa ku-ANSYS Fluent futhi ilingiswe.Ngaphezu kwalokho, imiphumela etholiwe iyahlolwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba kokulingisa okwenziwe.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-IM ehlanganisiwe yomoya kanye namanzi epholile yamodela kusetshenziswa isofthiwe ye-SolidWorks 2017 futhi yalingiswa kusetshenziswa isofthiwe ye-ANSYS Fluent 2021 (Umfanekiso 4).
Idizayini nobukhulu balo modeli buphefumulelwe uchungechunge lwe-Siemens 1LA9 aluminium futhi lufakwe ku-SolidWorks 2017. Imodeli ishintshwe kancane ukuze ivumelane nezidingo zesofthiwe yokulingisa.Lungisa amamodeli e-CAD ngokususa izingxenye ezingafuneki, ukususa izibopho, ama-chamfer, nokuningi lapho umodela nge-ANSYS Workbench 2021.
I-design innovation yijazi lamanzi, ubude bayo obunqunywe kusukela kumiphumela yokulingisa yemodeli yokuqala.Ezinye izinguquko zenziwe ekufanisweni kwejakhethi yamanzi ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu uma usebenzisa ukhalo ku-ANSYS.Izingxenye ezihlukahlukene ze-IM zikhonjiswe kumfanekiso.5a–f.
(A).I-Rotor core kanye ne-IM shaft.(b) I-IM stator core.(c) I-IM stator winding.(d) Uhlaka lwangaphandle lwe-MI.(e) Ibhantshi lamanzi le-IM.f) inhlanganisela yamamodeli e-IM apholile emoyeni namanzi.
Ifeni efakwe ku-shaft inikeza ukugeleza komoya okungaguquki okungu-10 m/s kanye nezinga lokushisa elingu-30 °C phezu kwamaphiko.Inani lesilinganiso likhethwa ngokungahleliwe kuye ngokuthi umthamo wegazi ohlaziywe kulesi sihloko, omkhulu kunalowo oboniswe ezincwadini.Indawo eshisayo ihlanganisa i-rotor, i-stator, i-stator windings kanye nemigoqo ye-rotor cage.Izinto ze-stator ne-rotor ziyinsimbi, ama-windings kanye nezinduku zekheji ziyithusi, uhlaka nezimbambo ziyi-aluminium.Ukushisa okukhiqizwa kulezi zindawo kungenxa yezenzakalo ze-electromagnetic, ezifana nokushisa kwe-Joule lapho i-current yangaphandle idlula ikhoyili yethusi, kanye nezinguquko endaweni kazibuthe.Amazinga okukhishwa kokushisa kwezingxenye ezihlukahlukene athathwe ezincwadini ezihlukahlukene ezitholakalayo nge-IM eyi-100 kW.
Ama-IM ahlanganisiwe apholile komoya namanzi, ngaphezu kwalezi zimo ezingenhla, afaka nejazi lamanzi, lapho amandla okudlulisa ukushisa kanye nezidingo zamandla ephampu kwahlaziywa khona ngezilinganiso ezihlukahlukene zokugeleza kwamanzi (5 l/min, 10 l/min. kanye no-15 l/min).Le valve ikhethwe njenge-valve encane, njengoba imiphumela ayizange ishintshe kakhulu ngokugeleza okungaphansi kwe-5 L / min.Ukwengeza, izinga lokugeleza kwe-15 L / min likhethwe njengenani eliphakeme, njengoba amandla okupompa akhula kakhulu naphezu kokuthi izinga lokushisa liqhubeka nokuwa.
Amamodeli e-IM ahlukahlukene angeniswe ku-ANSYS Fluent futhi abuye ahlelwa kusetshenziswa i-ANSYS Design Modeler.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-casing emise okwebhokisi enobukhulu obungu-0.3 × 0.3 × 0.5 m yakhiwe eduze ne-AD ukuze kuhlaziywe ukuhamba komoya enjinini nokufunda ukukhishwa kokushisa emkhathini.Ukuhlaziya okufanayo kwenziwa kuma-IM ahlanganisiwe komoya namanzi.
Imodeli ye-IM imodelwa kusetshenziswa izindlela zezinombolo ze-CFD ne-FEM.Amameshe akhiwe ku-CFD ukuze ahlukanise isizinda sibe yinani elithile lezingxenye ukuze kutholwe isisombululo.Amameshi e-Tetrahedral anosayizi abafanelekile bezakhi asetshenziselwa ijometri eyinkimbinkimbi evamile yezingxenye zenjini.Zonke izixhumanisi zigcwaliswe ngezendlalelo eziyi-10 ukuze kutholwe imiphumela enembile yokudlulisa ukushisa kwendawo.I-geometry yegridi yamamodeli amabili e-MI iboniswa ku-Fig.6a, b.
I-equation yamandla ikuvumela ukuthi ufunde ukudluliswa kokushisa ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zenjini.Imodeli ye-K-epsilon turbulence enezici zodonga ezijwayelekile ikhethiwe ukuze imodeli yesiyaluyalu endaweni engaphandle.Imodeli ibheka amandla e-kinetic (Ek) kanye nokuchithwa kwe-turbulent (epsilon).Ithusi, i-aluminium, insimbi, umoya namanzi kwakhethwa ngezakhiwo zakho ezijwayelekile ukuze zisetshenziswe ezinhlelweni zazo.Amazinga okushisa okushisa (bheka Ithebula 2) anikezwa njengama-input, futhi izimo ezihlukene zendawo yebhethri zisethelwe ku-15, 17, 28, 32. Isivinini somoya phezu kwekesi lemoto sasibekwe ku-10 m/s kuzo zombili izinhlobo zezinjini, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, amanani amathathu ahlukene amanzi acatshangelwa ebhantshi lamanzi (5 l/min, 10 l/min kanye ne-15 l/min).Ukuze kube nokunemba okukhulu, izinsalela zazo zonke izibalo zisethwe zilingana no-1 × 10–6.Khetha i-algorithm ethi SIMPLE (Semi-Implicit Method for Pressure Equations) ukuze uxazulule izibalo ze-Navier Prime (NS).Ngemuva kokuthi ukuqaliswa kwe-hybrid sekuqediwe, ukusetha kuzosebenzisa ukuphindaphinda okungu-500, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 7.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-24-2023